Optune GIO (Tumor Treating Fields)
Last updated 4/26/25
What It Is
Optune GIO is the rebranded glioblastoma version of Novocure's Tumor Treating Fields (TTFields) platform.
The new name, introduced in 2024, distinguishes the GBM-specific system from Optune Lua
(approved for malignant pleural mesothelioma) and pipeline TTFields devices for lung and other cancers.
The technology delivers low-intensity, 200 kHz alternating electric fields through four scalp arrays.
TTFields disrupt mitotic spindle assembly and cytokinesis, inducing apoptosis and immunogenic cell death.
How It Is Used
- Indications: FDA-approved for adult GBM — recurrent (2011) and
newly diagnosed (2015) — now marketed as Optune GIO.
- Wear time: ≥18 hours/day is the minimum recommended, but Optune GIO only works while it is on—survival improves continuously with higher usage. Aim for >90 % monthly compliance whenever possible for the best outcomes.
- Combination: Standard regimen is Optune GIO + maintenance temozolomide after
chemoradiation (EF-14 protocol).
- Adverse events: Mainly grade 1-2 scalp dermatitis; no systemic toxicity.
High-compliance subgroup analyses show 5-year survival of 29 % when usage exceeds 90 %, compared with 5 % in standard-therapy controls.
Regulatory & Guideline Status
- FDA: PMA approvals for recurrent (2011) and newly diagnosed GBM (2015). Name updated to
Optune GIO in a 2024 labeling supplement.
- NCCN: Category 1 standard of care for newly diagnosed GBM when combined with temozolomide; Category 2A option at recurrence.
- Global: Approved in the EU, UK, Canada, Japan, and several LATAM countries.
Key Research Highlights
Comprehensive data are compiled in Novocure's
Clinical Evidence Flipbook (June 2024).
Landmark trials include:
Frequently Asked Question: “Why does my first MRI look worse?”
Early scans can show pseudo-progression. TTFields induce cell death gradually; debris and inflammation
may enlarge lesions transiently. According to Novocure data and the report by Musella
(PDF):
- Radiographic improvement often begins after 4-5 weeks of continuous therapy.
- About 50 % of responders had worsening MRIs before subsequent shrinkage.
- Continue therapy for at least two monthly cycles before declaring failure.
Practical Tips
- Visit the Optune Resource Hub for setup videos, skin-care guides, and insurance help.
- Maximize compliance: plan battery swaps, use lightweight packs, and shave scalp twice weekly.
- Prevent dermatitis: rotate array positions 2-3 cm each change; apply a topical steroid or zinc-oxide barrier if redness develops.
- Join the 10,000+ member Facebook community “Novocure, Optune Support for Glioblastoma” to exchange practical tips and encouragement.
Further Reading
